All right so, let's go through, let's go through we're looking at here and all kind of I'll, just kind of. If you guys have something. That's that's on top of your mind, then just say it but I'll kind of go through and just ask question. So I'm assuming all three that you can see my screen right.

Yes, yes, all right good! So, let's start with all of these, our compressors that are lined up in parallel with one another. That's what makes it a parallel rack system. Everything is is run in parallel, but let's, let's look at some of the components that we've got on this and just identify what they are. So when we're looking at the front of this compressor, you've got this sentronics on there.

What is that all about? So that's an oil pressure, safety switch. If the just below that you see the round item on the compressor, that's the oil pump, which picks up oil out of the sump and pushes it back to the journal out into the running gear of the compressor. No a little bit to you two to the right. It says: 404 a and one yes right immediately below it that pumps, the oil back through the running gear.

The compressor just like the oil pump in an engine would ought to keep those moving parts lubricated in for the oil pressure differential drops too low. We know we're not moving oil to lubricate the compressor property and that compressor will lock that that control will lock the compressor out done okay. So what are we looking at over here? That is an will level regulator and that maintains a set wheel level in the compressor. There's a little float inside there with the needle valve and when the level drops the float drops and it allows a bit of oil in to maintain that set level got it.

Okay, because there's because in this system everything sharing the same same pot of oil, in essence, yes got it okay, and so when we talk about the the head of a compressor, we're talking about this right here, right, correct and in okay. So I'll ask you this Kevin. I can tell you already getting bored by this conversation I'll, try my best to keep you entertained, so some people will talk about rebuilding a compressor. I assume you've done that before so talk about what tails and involves well on.

Most of most of compressors, all you could do is just about valve plates and head gaskets, I mean most most pumps can't be rebuilt in the field unless they're some older, Carlile different manufacturer. So most of the time all you can do, the rebuild. The compressor is pretty much pull the head off and it's both about plates and change valve plates and change the head gaskets in the valve plate, gasket, okay, so that's just a matter of isolating the compressor making sure you get all the refrigerant out of the compressor. Take the hit take the head off.

This is your head gasket here and then underneath here. That's where your valve plate is, and if your valves are damaged, then you can replace them there. But obviously, if you have compressor, you know, is the cylinder scoring issues with your Pistons, whatever then generally you're not going to be able to do much with that yeah and it depends some customers, don't even want you opening them up, even rebuild them. They just want a new compressor, I'm getting another request to show where the oil pump is so it's right beneath the the oil pressure switch, never actually pulled an oil pump on one.

I think yeah, your your mouse, your mouse cursor right now is on the oil pump and just as a little bit. If you slide over to the right a little bit about where the bottom right hand corner of the a is just off the corner. There right there that is actually the differential pressure switch for the center on ik. The sentronics is mostly just an electronic board that little module that screws into the side of that oil pump picks up the the differential.

The difference between the crank refrigerant pressure in the crankcase and the pump outlet pressure - all it is - is a little switch in the the center on. It just reads that as open or closed right and your oil and your oil pressure is that differential between crankcase pressure and your and your oil pressure and somebody's asking. What is the typical oil pressure that you're looking for? I'm answering that right now, you would be looking for a 50 pound net oil pressure on a Copeland compressor. I was answering it in the chat so I'll just answer it.

This way on the on a Copeland compressor you'd be looking for approximately 50 pounds above suction. So let's say your measuring a 42-pound suction pressure. You're gon na want about 92 pounds. Oil pump outlet pressure.

That's always relative to whatever your suction pressure is so it's 50 pounds above suction is oil pressure that you would want to see got it so somebody's asking here when the crank case is under pressure. What's the best way to add oil if needed, use euro upon it'll pop right through no problem all right and then, when we're looking at this we're looking at this particular setup here, you can see down here. What are we looking at down here? There'd be a liquid shell. Dryer all right talk to me.

It's gon na be filtering your liquid line, your liquid refrigerant. This is like a liquid filter, dryer except it's replaceable korzha. So that would be doing all your filtering. It's the same kind of dryer that you would see on a like a residential split system just instead of cutting the old one out and Blair burning a new one in we're gon na isolate it pump that refrigerant out pop those eight bolts out and put new Cores in and put it back together, yep, that's so sorry that I'm pushing you guys to be so basic here, but this is the sort of stuff that I'm telling you like.

Even even every time I walk into Iraq house, I have to reorient myself to, and so that's why we're doing all these basics all right, so we're gon na go to the next we're gon na go to the next image here. If I can actually figure out where I'm at yeah I when I when I tell my wife that I'm you know I have, I have a nice rack in my office, she gets always gets a little nervous, but then she notices what I'm talking about so so That wasn't funny. I wanted to touch on something I see pop up here in the discussion and yes will discharge pressure, suction pressure equals or discharge or B equals oil differential, and it should be 50 psi D that is specific to a Copeland compressor. Other brands of compressors, specifically the Carlisle compressor, will have a lower oil discharge.

Will differential pressure Carlile's can want something around 25 to 30 pounds if you start to see 25 to 30 pounds on a Copeland compressor. You gon na be looking into bearings or problems in Waupun yep, yep yep, all right. So, let's look at. I don't remember who's the image this is.

I think this might be Kevin's. So what do we got going on here? That would be a six-armed problem. Boat anchor Carlile compressor that has died about five times. That is a basically where it's getting changed out.

It's getting drawing out of the rack and dropped on a roof and then craned off the roof and then a new one on it and it's getting picked up and dropped back down in place and then put back together. So you feel fabricated, this this setup, or this is something that's on site just lightly now part of its in my van, like it together in my van, like the like the original new beginning frames in my van and then I kind of piece it together and Build it to whatever I need on site, just kind of taken pieces and whatever I need. However, I need to make it make it adapt to what I'm doing so. The question from Paul Bunyan and Steve Steve right and I don't know if this is the Steve right.

I I wonder if it is. If it is, then I'm honored to have him here. I don't know if you guys know Steve he's the current president of our SES, if not I'm so glad you're here, but if it is, then that's cool but they're asking what's what what keeps killing compressors. You have any have any clues, its flood back issues and unfortunately it's we get contractor to change the compressor, and that is it and they have their own in-house text to do everything else and okay brought me many times.

They don't want to fix it. So we just keep change the compressors. Okay, that's that's a nice use there. What is the name for this? You guys, I think, is you call it.

These are called trolleys. Is that right, I'm trying to remember Jeremy's article on this yeah? There are trolleys yeah and you can do so. Jeremy has been a couple years ago, wrote a whole series of articles on using you know, strut and other kind of like rigging techniques. One of my favorite articles.

I've never really had to do most of the stuff. That's on it, but I've seen this sort of set up quite a few times in grocery applications to get them in and out of in and out of the van and out of the cows, and it's pretty pretty ingenious. Let's go to move on to the next one here, so here we've got another rack who's whose photo is this looks like the one in your office? Oh yeah. Oh that's! That's right! I was just sharing the one in my office.

Actually, this must be Nathan's photo and the reason why I know that it's Nathan's photo. We have to be very careful about customer stuff, but if you look up here, you can see on this book up here this log book. I think that's a Kalos logo. So there's that sort of a dead giveaway.

So what are we looking at here Nathan? I mean it's: okay, alright! Well I mean you know you want to give us some something interesting, because you know we're doing a podcast and ya know. You know stuff like that. I know I mean so this was just a photo of a it's an almost 45 year old wreck. After we had done a cleaning on it, it looked real bad before him was why I took the photo other than that.

I mean, I don't know, there's a good photo of the receiver in it there we go all right yeah. So, let's, let's talk about receiver, would you have been ashamed if I would have looked at the wrong component? I was like, let's look at, take a look at the receiver. Like I started doing on the oil pump there, it was really embarrassing. I hope nobody noticed that earlier.

Okay, so we got a receiver talk about the receiver yeah I mean so in Iraq. You obviously aren't charging by sub cool or whatever you sort of have just a tank of liquid left, for you know, you're sort of facing your charge, not on really readings unless you're at zero, which is bad as far as like super heater, so cool you're. Basing your charge on how much liquid you have in your receiver there's what that little gauge is on the front, so it's basically just a pressurized tank of liquid to use as you need it or as low changes. Okay.

So, as you have let's - let's talk about that briefly, so when on a rack system, when we say load increases, what do we mean by that I mean it got hotter outside you can mean that they're loading, big walk-in box or like right now, everything's getting over Shopped so nothing's act nothing's at temperature ever until you're just running much higher load than you would if all the doors were closed. Okay, so typically in grocery applications. Higher load means that you have more heat entering your cases and your walkins, because people are either leaving doors, are opening closing doors or putting product in yeah right. I knew it was okay, boy, man, I'm a smarty alright.

So when you have higher load, what happens to the level in your receiver? Are you level go down because you're pumping more out to the cases, and so in general, as load increases, you'll, see you'll see your liquid level dropped somewhat significantly? Actually, this particular rack is a little odd and that they have way too large of a heat reclaim for the store that manage humidity, and so it pretty much bounces between 0 to 80 percent. If the heat reclaim comes on, which is just sort of a side thing about this particular rack yeah in general, when load goes up, your liquid levels going to drop the more things that you have cycled off, or this has electronic EPR. So the more things that have sort of slowed down - you're gon na get a little bit more liquid back in your receiver. All right, you just CPR! So yeah we were gon na do heat! Reclaim! You got a question about that, but Jeremy go ahead and give us a quick, ok, I don't know do we have any EPR photos in here? I don't know so that would be the.

I tell you what the way that my young apprentice right now is kind of trying to wrap his head around understanding. That is almost like. It's a zone control so on his own HVAC system. You would have a damper that modulates the amount of air that each particular zone gets.

You can almost look like that. Look at a teepee are very similar to that, where the meet cases are gon na want to run a little bit lower, evaporator temperature than say a deli or a produce case would so. You can set the rack at a given pressure for years to the necessary in saturated suction temperature. Then you can raise up individual evaporators to maintain a little bit more precise control in those circuits.

So, in other words, it controls your evaporator temperature and, depending on whether it is a EPR or whether or not it has a built in solenoid. It can also act as a as a shutoff valve for the circuit entirely, yes, cool. So, that's that that's the basics of an EPR. When you look at Iraq, you kind of have your compressor side, which is what we were looking at on the first couple slides.

So that's the side where you know you're, basically drawn in suction gas, you're increasing it. The discharge and you're sending that out to condensers or if you go to the other side of the of the rack, that's more the line, suction lines coming back from the cases or the liquid lines going out to the cases and that's where you're gon na see These ep RS, which really do act, is I mean, I don't want, say, the primary control, but a it's a good portion of the control for each individual circuit. That goes out to each case, but I did want to ask you, Jeremy, because they were asking about using heat reclaim. Is that something that you do up there very often at all Jiri claim? Is it's actually gotten less common on a lot of the systems that I deal with? I'm not a hundred percent sure.

I understand the reasoning behind it. I have a lot of stores that really dependent he reclaimed to to maintain temperature and for humidity control in the in the summertime for reheat. But I think it's just that the prices of gas have gone so low that it costs more to set up a heat. Reclaim system with the coils and the piping controls that it does just to run gas all right so Nathan, I'll.

Let you do the review of what heat reclaim is, so he reclaim you're just taking the discharge gas right off the rack and diverting it before. It goes through your condenser you're, shooting it through an air conditioning, coil somewhere. Well, typically, an air conditioning Club. You might use the heat water too, and so somewhere that you want heat the application in Florida.

We're always dehumidifier is, after as sort of a post, heat post, cooling, the air you then reheat with, and you reheat with that discharged gas so that you can increase your runtime and drive humidity down yeah well increase runtime is one is one big factor of that, But a but also it gives you the abyss yeah. It's really. I guess in that application. It's just runtime yeah, never mind alright, so Jeremy says, as far as rule of thumb, I like 20 % receiver with a full condenser at normal conditions, so your receiver 20 % full with the full condenser in normal conditions.

That's what I'm taking that to me. So a little bit of background there and I apologize if you're not watching the chat, so some guys were asking about split condenser, which we haven't really touched on, but you know the condenser coil for a rack like we're. Looking at here could be what 10 feet long and or more and 6 7 feet wide. So we use valving to shut off half of that condenser during low ambient conditions, and someone had mentioned that they charged a rack while it was in split, commence or well.

It had half the condenser fouled off and emptied out when it warmed up and the condenser went into full condenser. His rack dropped to a low receiver level again, which would be very normal because you've got to open that valve up, and you still have to have that refrigerant to fill that additional condenser coil space, which is why I said 20 % receiver with a full condenser. At normal conditions, you know you would need a higher receiver level - 35. 45 percent, if you're charging it while it's in split condenser, to have that extra gas on hand for when it comes out of split condenser yeah, which is why it's important for your receiver to be size specific to the application and for it to be charged accordingly.

Because, obviously you know if you have a receiver, that when you're, when you have you, know full capacity and you have a thing: okay, well, I've got a charge to 50 % receiver or whatever, and then you go to a to less condenser capacity. You could easily, you know, run a condition where you're overloading your receiver correct, all right cool, but I don't know whose this is what's going on here, it looks like you had a little bit of a frozen coil. This is uh, looks like the inside of some glass door, frozen cases or some kind of glass door cases the hole opened up. You can see.

The bottom doesn't look super frozen up, though, so these are easy motors, correct, yeah, they're, ECM programmable motors. When do you say program programmable? What do you mean, but you could put a stick or a module or I think those ones are a stick in the back of the motor. You could change the RPMs and the motors, so they could put one motor of the factory and do like multiple different applications with it. And what are you? Are you having any issues with with these motors absolutely tons of them? Okay, I had.

I had heard rumblings they're positively allergic to water. If somebody puts the fan the pans that would cover this up during normal operation, you put that pin in and you get it dropped at the wrong angle. You'll take a wing right off of that blade. Yeah there's a degree they're wonderful, they're, expensive, they're, hard to find so being on the theory.

It's it's almost om, only type proposition yeah and we ran into the same thing in air conditioning and the thinking is energy efficiency primarily. Is that why why they're, starting to see more of them, I think so? Yeah I mean it's, it's it's it's an energy deal. I mean the amount of money they're saving over an entire supermarket using ECM motors compared to standard shaded, pole motors or watt motors. I mean you're gon na sit there saving the ton of money till they got a replace a bunch of them right all right, so we're gon na move along.

I move on from this all right, so what we got going on here. This is a this is a good one. Hmm, this is the right way to buy gasoline boost all right, so we've got our liquid coming in here, mm-hmm all right, so going into our TXV, and then it's this little doohickey that I think most of us who do air conditioning aren't familiar with. So what are we looking at here? It's a distributor with an auxilary side, connector um.

So it's really it's just a distributor like you would see on most any multi, circuited evaporator coil, the difference being. It's got a hole drilled in the side and you fitting soldered in in this case. It can be used in two different applications we used for this, which is a defrost application or for hot gas bypass for capacity control, and in this case you would have hot gas coming in the suction line, going through the evaporator pushing back to the distributor tubes, Which are all nicely prongs covered right and then going down through that line, leaving the distributor and through a check valve that's off screen and into the liquid line during the defrost cycle. Now, if you flip to the next picture, they make sure it's next one there.

It is, I saw when you were flipping around earlier. This is the wrong way to do it, because at the back of that distributor that you can see here, there's the nozzle T, which is in this case you're, probably underneath the bench poured in that - cannot get enough refrigerant flow enough liquid flow through that to get A good complete, defrost, okay got it so when you have the auxilary on it, it's kind of it's bypassing that and shoot okay versus. If it has to come all the way through it, then it's getting you're, not gon na. Have the right defrost flow right, because the the nozzle is generally at the back of that distributor, got it okay, it's a matter of the distributor, the nozzle placement in relation to where you're trying to tap that liquid out.

Okay got it, and so in this case it has to go through all of that before it feeds back through and I'm gon na. I'm gon na go back to the other one here and here it's able to bypass the restrictive portion and and go out so you have to have us. You have to have a specially designed distributor, then basically correct, and what do they call? That is there a name for that. It's a distributor with ASC or auxilary side, connector wise, what's Portland calls there and what prevents it from what prevents the the refrigerant D for us from just going back this direction back through the expansion valve, it's not going to go back through txp.

It just doesn't want to know, there's higher resistance. We haven't seen. I think, a lot of heat pumps do that where they don't have the bypass check valve anymore, they could just backflow three t XP. I really haven't seen that in coming to the refrigeration got it Eric Vincent says: what's the vertical copper piece I think he's seeing, I think you see.

Yes, that's what he's looking at so you have. If you look kind of off the distributor you have three passes. So there's three separate circuits going through the evaporator okay and they all come together at that. That vertical copper piece is a manifold and they all come together there and then it enters into that.

That's just like you could call that the beginning of this suction right and so in under normal operation. It's gon na it's going to travel this direction, and this is where it started begins to flash and it goes through, and then it comes it. It connects back here into this into this manifold manifolds together and then goes down the suction line. In the case of defrost, it's going to go the other direction refrigerants going to come this way, and then it's going to merge back into the liquid going this direction right.

It will condense. The hot gas coming down. The suction line will condense in the evaporator and be pushed out through that Wow that that line that's dropping out of the distributor. We call that the duct line and it will push that condensed liquid out of there.

I guess it threw the check valve that you can't see on screen here and back into the liquid. We have one question: that's common in refrigeration area. Alas, is it normal to have so much frost? Absolutely that is a freezer case, your saturated suction temperature. There is about minus 15, so if I don't have frost, something's wrong yeah and that's just simple simply thinking about when you have product that you didn't you know, let's say you want to get your product to.

I don't know negative 10, for example. Obviously, you have to have an evaporator coil: that's a lower temperature than that and anytime you're below freezing anytime you're below 32 degrees, I'm you're gon na get ice. So ice is just a just a part of the game when you're dealing with you know low temperature, especially, but even in even a medium temperature. You will on occasion get some frost as well.

So that's just a normal part of what we have to deal with and why we have to have some form of defrost. One question was no insulation for the sensing bulb they're asking about why the sensing bulb isn't insulated. I have never seen a problem with that. I very rarely see a sensing bulb insulated in a refrigerated case yeah, and I think a big reason for that is that your coil temperatures generally aren't that divergent from your case temperature under normal operating conditions, so having a little bit of ambient effect, meaning being affected By the ambient air, it isn't that much of a swing in comparison to what you may see in an air conditioning system where it may be affected by you know, return air which could be significantly higher.

So to me that it's all a matter of what air stream it's in and in the case of being in a case, I'm the temperature of this suction line and the temperature of the air around this bulb aren't going to be that much different. That's not plausible! The only perfect sense to me ya know I was making it up. As my I hope nobody could tell alright. We did this one alright.

What are we looking at here? I see snow. I see a big boot yeah. That was me it's a Florida who is just an average floor today that we had there actually think I've got my before-and-afters mixed up here. Oh no, I don't have it, let's see! No! No.

What are we looking at here? I think this. Is you Kevin right that was a set of shell dryers that somebody had actually put together wrong? They had the wrong get wrong gasket on the the face of it, and it was blocking like 80 % of the flow okay. Well, that's bad! Don't do that yeah! All right next to my that would be the inside of it go ahead. You can finish your sentence, but there would be the inside of those liquid.

Shell dryers looks like alright. Now this is, I would almost guarantee this. Is you because you always love taking screenshots of screens are taking shots of screens, which I guess would be a screen shot? So what are we looking at here? That was a condenser, a supermarket that they had put a VFD on never tuned it or set it up properly. So it was that's the saturated, condensing temperature.

It was going from like a hundred and ten down to like 65 degrees non-stop all day long every day, and afterwards is where I went through, and I had tuned it to where it should be, make the drive work properly for there for a little bit. It dropped really low what'd. You do yeah. That was probably me when I was shut off and for me to go through and redo all the drive programming going like whatever drive was it danfoss drives? I just had I have one.

I have one bad band: foss drive story, it's like I have very little grocery cred, and that was just one thing that I had to with once and I just go back to that all the time like, oh hey, you're, dan Foss man, yeah, me too me Too, I had that one time at one time at band camp alright. So when you're saying variable frequency drive you're talking about setting up the variable frequency drive for the condenser fans, correct, yes and then tuning it with the EMS controller and the drive itself to make it run properly and efficiently. So what specifically, did you change? We actually changed the PID inside the controller, the way it the way it is interpreting the signal and then we change the speed up in speed down rate to the drive it looked the way it turns it in the controller, just send the signal through the drive And then we had reprogrammed every fan motor on the on the rack so that it only cycled it didn't cycle off the controller in the condenser anymore. It was cycling off of a custom program that we made keep the fans from cycling.

A little is extra, extremely cold. You like to make custom programs. That is one thing that I know about you all right. It's acting weird again there it is alright.

So what are we looking at here could be a phase loss, monitor a phase loss monitor what why do we? Why do we have a wire off? I then I can see I can see from here. What's wrong with it, it's busted the wires off uh-huh. That would be founded at two o'clock in the morning. Oh, oh, that is literally how you found it yeah, okay, why it just popped off! Somebody didn't tighten it good enough and the vibration it just it just finally, wiggle itself loose and popped off, huh nice.

So it looks like that contactors pulled in so oh yeah yeah. Was it just throw in a face loss? No couldn't have been it was it was. It was throwing a phase loss on my controller, but the contactor still pulled in because this is a hell. Phoenix rack and they're using a relay and the contactor still pulled in because one side of the relay was welded shut, so they were using a relay.

They had a double pole. Double throw relay one side of the relay was welded shut for the control voltage. The other side of the relay was sending a signals, the controller down, but it wasn't set up to shut down the compressors inside the controller just to alarm for phase loss. Oh okay! Well, it's a good thing.

You didn't actually have phase loss. I guess the main breaker, oh okay, it did have phase. That's great all right. So let's talk about that for a second, so Jeremy phase, loss for people who aren't used to working on three-phase equipment give us a quick rundown.

Okay, so you know three-phase equipment to get basic. Is you know the same? Sixty Hertz electricity that we're used to seeing just each of the three phases are 120 degrees out of phase with one another. So if we lose one of those phases or they become out of balance, if the voltage doesn't, you know see if the displays phase average there, if that average goes too far out of if it goes too far out of spec, if one line drops too low, Then that can be problematic and cars talk, so you want to do that the Machine down as a safe yeah and that's why what we're seeing here is, you know, there's nothing going out the load side of this. It's just monitoring one side, it's just monitoring line and it's designed to open up and shut shut it down.

If you have a loss on any one of these faces or if any one of these faces gets too far outside of the range or if your voltage gets too far out of range, so it's doing a lot of different things at once. Right and the device will actually monitor on the load side there it will. You can actually set that up to monitor both incoming line and outgoing load. Also like of a contactor.

A set of points went bad in contact, say you had a very large, very expensive motor. You could set that up to monitor both incoming and outgoing voltage on your motors, yeah and you'll see this a lot on just typical. You know 208 three-phase rooftop package units that sort of thing. This is actually one of my favorite phase monitors.

I don't know if, if you guys have a different favorite, but I worked with this phase monitor for 20 years and it's the one I carry in my trunk because I can use it for everything yeah yeah man what's interesting is for those of you who hear Me talk about the ICM 493. The ICM 493 is the residential single phase version of essentially the same thing. You just don't have to do the phase loss monitoring you're only looking at over and under-voltage i'm. So it's sort of a stripped-down version of this cool beans with somebody asks our Steve Wright asks.

Is this a 480 volt rack? Yes, certainly, I believe so probably yeah yeah, I hope so I hope so otherwise, we're in trouble all right. So here's more Kevin stuff. What are we looking at everyone? Look at all this stuff. Would you look at it? Would you just look at it? That would be a micro thermal controller in a co2 supermarket.

So this is a trans, critical, co2, rack, nice, oh, this is this - is the layout and of the PLC, with all the the readings that pressure, readings and temperature readings and whatever things doing on the screen and what everything is running at and all the pertinent data You need to troubleshoot everything, so this is interesting, so it's actually monitoring space co2 co2 in the space itself. That will be in the rack room on the rack. So it's monitoring that the co2 level inside the rack room - okay, it's it gets too high. It'll shut down the Machine and turn the exhaust fan on try to ventilate the area.

That means you're doing pretty good because that's that's pretty close to regular co2 levels after co2 levels. So you don't have you don't have any big hitters in there. So that's good cool yeah. This is a lot to look at, but you can kind of get a sense of the parallel nature.

You know of a parallel rack. Even here you can see. You know one two, three everything's parallel, then, together oil separator oil reservoir, flash tank. Flash tank is a really interesting concept in this.

In these instances you can talk about that real quick. So it's it's technically, it's a receiver, but it's not a receiver, so it still holds the liquid liquid charge for the store waiting for the valves. You know until it needs them. It still keeps our minimum like, but at the same time, with co2, once we get above an 80 87 degree, condensing temperature, we no longer are a liquid, a vapor.

We no longer have that PT relationship, it's kind of an unstable gas. So what we have to do is we have to reduce the pressure in that flash to in that receiver / flash tank in order to create liquid again. So I may be running, like 15 1,600 pounds of pressure on my discharge, going through my through my gas cooler when it's a 87 degrees, it's a condenser when it's above 87 degrees, it's a gas cool or just D super heats the gas. So it's going to be super, eat it and then we're gon na there's a van on their resume and it says I see Mt Belleville is like a hole back valve, but it serves another function in unison, with a valve coming off the tank.

It says flash gas bypass, so one valve closes, the flash tank bypass valve will open and what it does is allows. It holds back and vents off that tank to the medium time, compressors at the same time, and that allows the co2 to then change from this unstable gas. Vapor mix back down to a stable liquid that we could use to refrigerate in the store yeah remaking liquid. You can see right now.

This valve is at 49 percent open and so our pressure, our discharge pressure, is 657 because it's cold outside and at least cold by Florida standards and then inside the tank. It's four hundred. Ninety four point: seven, so you can see. There's a pressure drop going across this valve even right now, even though everything is in the regular, you know kind of liquid state.

It's not you're, not you! Don't actually have anything changing changing state from that supercritical fluid back down the liquid in here, but that's why? It's called a flash tank rather than just a regular receiver. I thought I always think that's interesting. There is anything terribly wrong right there. I think I'm gon na call this line instead of fuh.

It says the drop drop leg, which that's one term that I want to, because that was one that I was confused by cuz. I always called that a liquid line, but you call this the drop leg. Why is that? Because it's dropping out of the condenser and yeah it's dropping out of the condenser and it's going to the receiver. So, even though it is liquid, refrigeration guys call this a drop leg, the line that's in between the receiver and the condensers, and then the line that goes between the receiver and the expansion valves.

You call liquid lines yeah all right, you know. I say you not me because I don't I don't count myself and you're in your lot. I haven't. I haven't sacrificed to the degree I haven't given up a marriage, yet to be a true rack.

Refrigeration, technician! That's not funny we're trying to get people interested in being rack technicians all right. What are we looking at here? I don't know. I don't even know what we're looking at here frankly, so that would be a set of droplet check valves coming from the roof of roof of a supermarket that on the drop legs from the condenser. So those check valves are there so that when we split the condenser in half in the wintertime, the liquid refrigerant doesn't flow back upstairs on the split side coil, because we have a ball valve up with a motor on it.

It shuts off one side of the condenser in this case this is actually 210 fan condensers. So this is a huge Ragan. It's 210 fan giant condensers and we shut off one condenser at 50 degrees and we pump all the refrigerant out, and then we run the other condenser well that those check valves keep everything from going back upstairs and what you do to one one condenser. You have to the other condenser, so you have two equally pipe both of them.

So that's why they both have check valves, and this this instance that checked over right. There had to get cut out and take it out because it was stuck and bleeding through, and somebody had put an extra 600 pounds of gas in Iraq that was stuck in the winter condenser when it was like 10 degrees outside. What's what's 600 pounds of refrigerant between friends? That's what I always say you know I I do I'm known yeah, I'm known to say that all right, what do we got here? That would be a new-style Westar, my royal filter that they had sent me to for testing this link. So far, yeah we put one in it's.

It's worked out so far. It looks a little nicer than the scoreline style because you don't have to take the flare nuts off the top to change the filter. You could just change the filter, just pull it off, you don't to go, pull the flare, nuts off and rest junior tech or somebody over Titan in the flare nuts and cracking a flare and getting oil everywhere. I have a Western Meyer story.

I went to went to dinner with the Western Meyer trainer at Outback in little old Clermont Florida, where we are and Heaney brought somebody with him - and I said you know hi, I'm Bryan and who are you. He said I'm Gary Gary Westar Meyer. He said it just like that too, and I was like oh crap, so he actually came and did the class at her office, which was which is great. We have a video on oil management in on YouTube.

Not that I'm not that I'm bragging, but you know I'm kind of a big deal. If Gary Western I mean that's all, that's all I'm trying to say so Nathan, you care to add anything to that incredible story. I justold see it: wasn't I label people yeah, they weren't they were. It was very, very nice of them.

I got to talk to him sense but being his son-in-law, so that's sort of why I think he came right right. It was Orlando, its son-in-law yeah yeah. What Shea you know, I I want to think it was all me, except he had no idea who I was so it wasn't that it was just a coincidence, but it was very nice of him to do that. We bit like okay moving on.

Oh, I think. We've got a little bit of. We got a little bit of customer stuff up there in the corner, so we're gon na go ahead and cut that out. Who's assumes that quality meat it does it does.

We may be able to beat their prices, but anyway, don't worry about it's an independent, okay, all right, fair enough! This. This is actually a store that we've just started. The floor started heating soon, yeah, it's Turner, who I see it. The cases are actually splitting apart.

It's it they're, actually like four and a half inches difference now like this week. Well, so you can see that one case I started to drop all the floor. They ran the underground. You can see like right at the edge of the green tiles.

You can see the underground, they just ran the suction lines and a pit and poured sand around it with no armor flex, okay and then the drains froze and filled it with water. Now, there's giant ice balls, so it's all getting reran overhead. Actually, I think we had this conversation. You were saying that a lot of new stores are still being being with pits where you are right, Underground's, some yeah, there's I mean most most of this stuff we do is it's shorter runs, maybe 20 30 feet at most.

If they do do it well, most everything now is being dropped. Overhead, like we're, dropping every one of these lines overhead into the cases. So ever everything is getting false column and they're dropping everything down: EBC, js yeah! That's pretty much all we're. Seeing now we had all kinds of nightmares in the past with issues underground leaks underground with one of our customers.

Who did a lot of that? Yes and Nathan pointed on in chat that Kevin, you did say, do do just I don't know if you know that you said that, but fair enough, all right what's what's next! This is this is bad either, that's really bad. So that was a so. We've talked a little bit about oil management. This is an oil separator that was installed on a rack system, long story short that was less than six months old when I pulled it out and cut it apart.

You took that picture. I was a obviously a hermetic, so you most common oil separators. You can take that element out this piece that you see. That's that's damaged there.

You could just take a flange off like we'd, open up the liquid shell. Take that out and replace that element in this case, you had to replace the entire separator we wound up putting this was undersized, which is what caused it to rupture the way it did. We wound up upsizing that and the customer has had no problems in almost two years now, since that job was done and that picture was taken nice. So how did you? How did you go about diagnosing it, so you would measure a pressure drop across there and it should have, I would say, a minimum about two to three pounds of pressure drop when you start to get up around 10 to 13 pounds of pressure drop.

It's time to replace that element, or in this case replace that entire item, this had no measurable pressure drop across it, which you know now you can see. It is obvious on its far as the sizing we had to get down into the total. The displacement of the various compressors and to my silage, you can do it with tonnage, but you really want to start talking about cubic feet per hour and total displacement of the compressors to get a proper read on sizing the separator, how much total refrigerant are you Moving right, cool all right see what else well, he'll do one or two more and then we'll wrap this thing up. I know for you guys it's sort of like you know like we're, not really covering anything in sequence here, but keep in mind what we're doing here is.

We have a lot of people who are supposed to go to trade school and it's canceled, and so now they're spending time at home, and that's mostly who we're talking here to are people who are, maybe you know enrolled in trade school and now they can't go Or people who are maybe they're laid off, maybe they're in residential, and I want to get into commercials so we're just kind of giving them a view of things that they normally wouldn't get a chance to see. What are we looking at here? So there would be a vein and monitor that using the measure airflow in a case coming out of the the honeycombs which supply the air curtains for the case, so that we're using that to measure the three per minute coming out of honeycombs. Checking for fan motors out or checking to make sure the cases the right feet per minute per spec, make sure somebody to put the wrong fan motors in or basically how we check air flows that are using static pressure, because we can really use static pressure. We have to use, we don't really have any static pressure on these and these coils.

So we use the Bandon ometer so they're just giving you a velocity and is that is that actually specified by most manufacturers, or do you just kind of have an average target that you're looking for so manufacturers are way better than others that it's backing it just Putting into their manuals so manufacturers make you call and beg and plead for it if this depends on the manufacturer, is there like a secret handshake that you use in order to get information like a password? Anything like that? No okay, fair enough! It's not hoarfrost! Is it no? No, not in there no hoarfrost in there, okay, alright, alright, that came up just so. You guys know, that's not a that's, not a bad word. It's just it's HOA r! It is a natural anomaly. I'm not really anomaly.

Just a natural occurring thing! All right all right, what are you looking at here? I need to stop saying the same thing every time, so here we have a liquid level gauge comment right, so this is. This is basically your fuel gauge. If you want to look at it that way for your receiver um - and that tells you I mean it's basically just how cool your receiver is, so this one's just a bit over 60 % now the the weird thing to really you know what it's not even I'm not even gon na go down the road I was gon na get into it says down capacity only want to fill this to 80 % like you would fill anything, so it's 60 percent of 80 percent frame, but we would just say that that receiver is 60 % full right, so so that just means that, from a rack technicians perspective, this thing's pretty doggone fool, because it's not like you can go much fuller than that without risking getting over 80, which is no no with with wouldn't split. Could answer is 50 to 60 %? If it's a split condenser? That's not really! That's not really that full, no got it.

Okay, one more one more and then we had to call you know, call this party to an end. I know you guys are having a blast and you never want it to end, but this is uh. I think this is your Jeremy, isn't it? I don't think so. No, it's leaking yeah.

So we know for sure we're yeah - and this is the this - is the EPR that we were talking about before evaporator pressure regulator and it's a really big part of rec refrigeration. And it's it's part that when I started walking into Rack rooms, I had the hardest time getting my head around. What is some good so for somebody who's interested in learning more about RAC refrigeration, maybe EPR valves compressors, all that sort of thing. What are what are some resources you would send them to? Oh that's what we'll end with we're.

Give me a few of your favorite resources. Honestly, if I have to a single resource of God Kevin, I think it's mirrors that that's a really good book. It has a lot of good stuff in there you're talking about dick wars, book commercial refrigeration for your conditioning technicians, yeah yeah. That is a good one.

Yep, that's a good starting point for people who have done AC and want to learn more. That's one of the places I started. What were you gon na say, Jeremy? I like the spoiling website, it's well organized and they really. It may not get so much that the commercial refrigeration book is a great book.

But if you want to get deep into how that valve works or how any of these valves work, this boring paperwork, this boring manuals are a great place to go to learn how it TXV works. How this EPR works! You know you've got three opposing pressures going on here, plus you've got, you know some Springs and whatnot working against that book, diagrams it out and shows you exactly what each pressure is doing. What is happening in that valve, so you can have to get a get a good handle on how about works all right Nathan, any resources Nathan doesn't really know, though it's it's always a little bit of a problem. So what not? Nothing go ahead.

Know that I don't know how to read yeah, so Jeremy Smith frequently will post his own Google Drive drop of a sorted man. I don't think you're allowed to share that. I don't think that's. I don't think that's what we're doing right now.

Please share it, share it to anyone in everyone who needs it. Okay, all right, fair enough! Fair enough! I didn't want to share your Google Drive. I have organized there's a lot of good stuff nice well I'll, leave that up to Jeremy. If he feels like sharing that with anyone, you can find Jeremy easily in the there's a couple.

Refrigeration groups, he hangs out with him hangs out in the refrigeration Brotherhood. I think, is one that's one you're in right. Yes, yeah, that's a good one and then HEA C school is one of our one of our longtime contributors and admins. So then in there yeah.

Thank you all for participating. I know these are a little bit different. You know a little bit disorganized, but this is how technician stock. We just talk through stories and I figure it's easier to talk through stories with images you can find everything we do at HVAC.

Our school comm join the Facebook group. That's a good place to hang out with all of us and ask questions and learn more listen to Jeremy's, archived podcasts. If you go to the website or in the app and just type in Jeremy Smith, you'll find some of his older podcasts and articles. It's been a while since he's been on, but I'm really glad to have you back not that not that Kevin is mince meat, but Kevin's been on a couple times since your since I've been able to talk to Jeremy.

So it's just kind of a big deal. Talking to you again brother, I do appreciate you all coming on. This is the part where you say, thanks for having me have a great for having me yeah, okay, apologize. I was distracted for a moment thanks thanks, I'm happy too happy to help and happy to share the things that I've figured out over years.

Alright, great absolutely! The book is commercial refrigeration for air-conditioning technicians from dick Wars. Somebody asked that again, there's a lot. A lot of good books out there, commercial refrigeration, it's great to go to the manufacturers. Portland is a good one and then also the Copeland mobile app and their bulletins are also really great.

Thank you so much, gentlemen. I hope to talk to you again soon and have a great evening and stay safe out there.