And working educational services, how many folks have you worked with co2 already out there? 1, 1. 2. 3. 3, possibly, okay, very good! Well, this is a very fundamental.

This would be a perfect class if you know nothing at all. This is normally a two-day class and I was telling somebody earlier I've tweaked this several times. I was telling Brian to try to fit four hours. I hope it all fits in it.

May not. It may run over a little bit and we'll just depend on questions and things like that, but I'm gon na start with regulations, but the first thing I want to do is ahead. This thought last night, and the first thing I want you to do is do it? Did anybody not bring a phone with them today? Does everybody have a phone if you have a phone go to the app store for me? If you would - and I want you to download an app called cahoots, ka H, OoT and we're gon na do a little and it's a it's an app that's free and the way the app works is I'm gon na hook up my phone to the screen and I'm gon na bring the questions up. It's a quiz.

You don't have to use your real name. If your name's Dan or Calvin, you can put fuzzy raccoon okay. So I like that app because, especially if you teach this is a great app to work with students, but it doesn't call anybody out on anything and this, it's purple with a K on a very good thanks for bringing that up. It's a purple with a k.

If you find it, if somebody doesn't find and just raise your hand and Trevor, I will help you out. Thank you, my friend, I told you I'm a pacer, okay and I'll start hooking up here. If you have an issue, grab ahold of Trevor right behind you and and I'll start to pull it up, just go ahead and download it and we'll be able to tell on the screen who's getting in and who's not getting in again, you don't have to use Your real name, in fact I'd. I sometimes before that you don't because that way, if you don't know the answer, it doesn't call you out, because there'll be a scoring part of it with it.

Okay, all right, you can just go into a student or as a contractor. Yes, yes, okay! So if everything goes right, something's gon na pop up in the screen, it's gon na be a PIN number for you, and this won't take very long. Hopefully, I'm gon na do classic. So what I want you to do is when that pulls up.

Hopefully it won't take too long. There's your PIN number. So when you go into student, you can go ahead and start putting it in there and and it'll count. How many people are in and will start seeing names down here at the bottom, so use that pin number seven, thirty, nine and again this is a five just a five question: it's kind of a pre/post test.

If you will just to see what you know, I guess it's a way of you know when we do written quizzes prior to and give them after did you learn anything kind of thing? Okay, again use your name tater here, King Co, Wadud. What's that what the volume up, okay, okay, how many do can you get a headcount Trevor and we'll see if we're all in you got nine players? I know there's more than nine here. Is anybody not gon na play? Okay, you're, fine, you're stuck okay! That's alright! Anyone having trouble anyone else having trouble you phone - oh don't worry about it. It's this.

Isn't this wasn't even part of the class? I just thought it might be a good idea. Nate, are you having trouble? You say: okay, okay, I got we got. Ten will will take a little time with this and then, if you don't get, everybody in will will will move along three five, seven, ten. 12.

15. 18. 20. So we got 12, not Bert, buggalo time.

Okay, not Bert! No problem, Nate yeah we're getting close, give it a couple more minutes. Is anyone still trying to get in, raise your hand? Is it? Is it going just taking a long time? You're not gon na miss you're, not gon na lose anything. I just wanted to see and share this with people that train - and I know, there's quite a few people in the classroom that train also and just give them an opportunity to set little tests up for their own classrooms and stuff. We got 14 anyone trying to get in, that's not getting in that wants to get in Nate's trying to get in okay.

Is it okay, all right? Well, we'll get started because I don't want to and if you and if somebody didn't get in, you want to slide up next to your neighbor, it's gon na be very informal. Okay, so don't be afraid of everybody. Let's start this again. This is very.

This is kind of gon na give you a sign of what the class about okay, it's very fundamental. Okay, so here we go we're gon na start it what's gon na happen here. There's some questions are gon na come up. You're gon na see the blocks on your phone.

The color blocks the questions gon na be right here. Co2 has the global warming potential of what number you're gon na see the answers here in red. It's zero blue is three Brown is one and green is two. You push the color that matches the answer and you want to go and I'll move my big fat melon all the way.

Okay, we got eleven answers. Two seconds left: that's it so the correct the answer was in fact the brown five people got it right out of what is that twelve okay, we're gon na go on now, what's gon na happen here? Is it's gon na keep score so ty all right now we're gon na go to the next one again. This is just kind of a pre/post quiz type thing to see. You know who know knows what co2 expands, how many times going from a solid to a vapor, how many times over when it sublimes how many top fast does it expand? Okay, it expands 845 times, so three people got it right, so we're gon na go on to the next one.

Okay, mister compressor is in the lead three out of three. The third question out of five relatively vapor density. Verse air is, in other words, the weight of the co2 is what the weight of the co2. This kind of tell you, where you're gon na put your alarms at in the mechanical room and a lot of people jumped on that and the correct answer is 1.5 to a little known fact, or maybe a major known factor.

You guys smart as you are, that is the same weight as propane. Okay are 290: okay, yeah, it's 1.5. Okay, the critical temperature of co2 is what degree Fahrenheit Fahrenheit some of this stuff's gon na be in Celsius. We want Fahrenheit, as you can tell.

The correct answer. Is eighty seven point eight. So when you start wrapping your head around that just for the people, that's never been around co2. Here's what I want you to think about until we get eighty seven point, eight degrees outside the ambient temperature we're living in a world.

That's pretty much similar to what we do already. It's called the subcritical world, ok and what I mean by that is vapor and and that your PT charts still come into effect. Okay. Those pressures are similar to for 10a air-conditioning, okay, four or five.

You know so that's something we can wrap our heads around. It's not until we get above eighty seven point, eight or eighty eight degrees outside that we go into transcritical and then we don't have a. We have it's not a vapor or a liquid. It is a sub critical, fluid supercritical, fluid okay, so we're gon na.

That's just it progressively will we'll learn more about that as we go along. So I think this is the final question. Mister compressors, in the lead. What is the triple point? Pressure of co2? The triple point would be your liquid, solid and vapor coming together.

The triple point: we're looking for the PSI obviously, and the correct answer was 61 psi and four people got it right. So that gives you an idea of the kind of things we're gon na be talking about today. Just learning what little you know, temperatures and pressures of those kind of things, and thanks for doing that for me, alright, let's get started there. We go again, I'm Don Gillis.

I just started with Emerson. Probably I don't know close to three years ago, a little over two and a half. Now I was in the field, I want to say about 24 25 years, I'm a licensed journeyman. I want to be upfront with you and transparent.

I jokingly say I drew the short straw when I came to Emerson. I mean that jokingly that I was appointed because I was low man that I would be the person that was going to learn co2 okay, so I started going up to Canada and and where they are a little more advanced that we are at the time and And as Germany is about 1517 years ahead of us on natural refrigerants, but I've done a lot with the trainer. We have a mobile trainer and Trevor and I actually work with it quite often and in fact, in a couple weeks in two weeks or so we're going up to New York but anyways and I've we've taken that apart many times and and I've gotten really familiar With the stuff, so it's, and why is it? Why is a compressor company talking about co2? Well, obviously, we're tooling up for it and that's where things are going and if you know anything about GWP or the Kigali amendment and all that stuff, that kind of bores everybody the regulations that are coming on with H, fos and those kind of things it's coming. Really fast, so you have to be familiar with it and if you look at and if you look at those things - and you can see what the California Air Resources Board is doing right now, you know you're a grocery person, a supermarket guy or gal you're gon Na you're, seeing already that the only refrigerant might be co2 out there on large rack systems and that's just the nature of the beast.

Now I stay away from politics, I don't care if you're on the far right, far left. That's not what this is about. It's not about whether it's man-made or that's not the conversations about it's just about the chemistry of it that we know that these refrigerants eat the ozone up, whether it's doing doing it all or not. I don't get into all that kind of stuff.

I'm just here to I'm just the messenger. This is my dog cash. I'm a big Johnny Cash fan, that's my little buddy when I come home at night. This is my wife Patty who came along with me, but isn't here at the building today and that's us on vacation, so the Genda is gon na.

Be this again, it's gon na be fairly short I'll. Try to keep it moving along, because the last section of this is going to show you. This is a perfect sample of Florida. What we're they're doing out is successfully out there to work in high ambient conditions, because you saw above eighty seven eight degrees we get into transcritical and that's when we lose efficiency.

Okay, so we'll look at some of that. We're going to discuss the new refrigerant regulations, refrigerant and some architecture, decisions. What what that looks like to Emerson right now, what we're seeing safety and handling of co2 PPE we're gon na do a dry ice demo, and it's actually gon na it's gon na it's gon na actually focus similar on five of those questions we just talked about. It's going to give you a visual of what that expansion looks like in your truck or somewhere in a cooler, and it's also going to give you the gravity or the weight of the actual gas itself.

So that's it's a nice little visual! The Trevor is going to come up and help me with and then we're gon na look at system architectures and then describe the characteristics of natural, refrigerants and their properties, and I believe, and then we're gon na get a high ambient to. I missed one there at the end: high ambient temperatures. Okay, here's just some things. I don't get into marketing or sales a whole bunch.

That's not what this is about, but these are some of the things that that Emerson owns brands include obviously, Copeland, filter, proact, rigid tools, dick sale, Alco, white Rogers and few site thermodisc, and the InSinkErator, and we've got much much more on the communication side. Okay, here's some of the products of vigil, obviously there's a vulture compressor for those of you in supermarkets. The two product I was on on a group last night talking about the e2 with some other guys and our e to specialist was actually in the group. Talking back and I actually tagged him, so he could help respond to the question the person had out in the field.

If you want it, I put the the link down here, get with me after the class. If you want to get some more information on all this stuff, where you can get some good letter sure this is something I just slid. On the last day, I was in my office, we've been there a couple weeks now, I'm usually we travel quite a bit about 35 40 weeks a year we train. This is our.

This would be our transcritical compressor. Okay, this would be our medium compressor. Our hire compressors, and this would be our zo scroll, which would be in low conditions, and I'm going to show you some schematics. What that looks like okay on the on the systems questions before we get anything before: okay, refrigerant regulations.

Why are we here? Okay, little-known fact, you may already know this some of the older people in the room, possibly or even some of the younger ones that are geeky and like to look things up. Like myself, we already use natural refrigerants back to the 1st of the 1900s, the beginning. Ok, we used co2, we used propane. We also used ammonia a lot more than what we use.

Now it wasn't until the 1930s that we came up actually, the r12 was actually invented in Sydney Ohio from Gd and it was manufactured by DuPont and it was easy. It took some of the safety technical safety issues out of it. Okay, we it had chlorine UNAM, and we know we know what ended up happened in there after that in this somewhere in the 80s. There.

Anybody have their EPA card knows a lot of that test, or at least it used to be 20 some years ago, was about the Montreal Protocol and those still is yeah. I know I always wanted now. I still wonder sometimes my son's a licensed journeyman too, and he took his EPA at the beginning. He came back right away guys.

Why do I have to - and I said well, it's part of the nature of the beast. Now it's almost more. You know it makes more sense for me now that I'm teaching it - I guess, but so we got into ozone depletion the chlorine part of the refrigerant okay. So we talked about that with the Montreal Protocol and somewhere in the mid 80s latter part of the 80s 86 87.

I believe have not mistaken and and chlorine is a we got two things going on. We got OD ozone depletion and we got GWP global warming potential. Okay and I'm gon na try to separate that and explain that to you the best I can, then we got into eight FCS with our good old, r22 and you'll notice. The letters I've got here too: these are ASHRAE numbers, a1 classification means it's non-toxic, or low toxicity and non flammable.

Okay, we'll talk a little bit more about that later on, so we got into the H CFCs now they new, according to the the gurus engineers where I'm at they knew there was still going to be some damage that it had the global warming potential, but it Was buying time basically from what I understand it lessened the chlorine issue there, okay, so in somewhere in the 1990s, we went to the HFCS okay, we got out of the chlorine thing and we went to the HFCS good old, 404, a 507 134 a 410 a And on and on on again, it's classified a 1, but that's when we started to see global warming potential and that equals the reducing time somewhere in the 2000. Where we're at now and that's the kind of stuff we're gon na, be talking a little bit mostly today of why natural refrigerants, because in the long run that's what it started. The ball rolling. But I'm gon na show you with the help of Trevor and anyone else that works in the field already how efficient co2 is, in fact a lot.

Ammonia people are looking at co2 right now: okay, and I'm going to talk about what's going on around the world. What they're, using in America, we tend to want to punish people and find them and slap their hand in things, but I'm going to show you where the co2 systems are having the most success. Countries like Japan, for example, a very small little island really compared to us, but they've got the most trans critical systems in the world, but they're but they're paying them we're rewarding them for putting them in ok and F gas, 2006 and F gas, 2007. Okay.

So real quick on this, I keep everything really simple, keep in mind, not everybody's as seasons as you all are in this room. Okay. So when we travel there's a couple instructors, there's three instructors in the back that actually have worked either full-time or part-time with Emerson. You don't know what you're gon na get might be somebody six months experience in the field, so you try to draw a picture a little bit at the best you can so here's what I'm going to do the ozone depletion.

So if you ever get in that conversation - and you may I'm sure you already know this mo, if you do, ozone depletion - is different than the global warming potential. The ozone depletion, I think, of skin cancer. When I was a kid, we didn't even talk about sunblock and now it's everywhere protect your skin, protect your skin. Well, that's what that what the chlorine was doing? Okay, something I read probably about six months ago now and now it's starting to get out in technicians.

In my local area, the kids are young kids to me, 20. Some murals are down talking about it. The ozone little known fact is the ozone hole has actually come together. Almost 99 % of the world is anybody, know that and if we read that lately Nate knows that quite a few of you know that I just learned that six months ago and and now I'm seeing it right up, wrote up and quite a few articles.

So that's pretty cool, so that's working now we've got climate change, global warming potential, so the Sun is radiant. We know that okay, so radiant, as you know, when I used to put heaters I'm from Ohio by the way, so we need heat in the wintertime. Obviously, the radiant heat doesn't heat anything until it hits something whether it's a body a table or whatever that is okay, so the Sun comes out now. We know the airs not getting heat in it.

It's pretty cold up there, but it heats up when it hits the earth like that. Okay and then it comes out and bounces up and we've got this atmosphere or this bubble around that we call the Glee global or the greenhouse pardon me, and I was sitting in a class myself one time so I'm gon na give the analogy that I thought Made the light go off for me the best, and it went something like this. If you picture a car, especially in Florida, okay or any state that gets warm in the summer, you wouldn't leave your pet in there. You wouldn't leave your baby in there.

Obviously, that Sun is beating through that windshield. Well, the air inside that car is much hotter than the air outside the car right. Okay, that's kind of what's happening here, we're trapping that heat in here and what we're talking about is anything with that global warming potential. It's taking a long time to break up, so it's trapping there and that's where they get that term, the greenhouse effect.

Okay. So that's that bubble around there. So that's what we're talking about and I'm gon na get into show you because co2 itself has a global warming potential of one. But I'm going to show you what that means and why we're going down and it doesn't do as much damage or if it does damage okay.

So this is just a little term called the kigali amendment. I know it's not going to pay the bills when you hit the ground run and come Monday in the trucks, but this is, if you hear this term or they start putting on tests, it's the piece of the it's the section that affects us in the industry. The HVAC, our it's the part of that Paris Accord that president Trump turned down and we got out of okay. The kigali amendment is the section that that that affects what we do as trade people, okay in the industry and, basically how it was gon na go federally was this.

We were shooting for 2050 to eliminate it, bring it down to 10 % of usage of what we are now. So you can see where everybody's starting out at a hundred percent here, you'll notice, that United States and Canada are the blue line, and then we've got your other countries or a2 countries. Russia used chicken stand, I'm not gon na be able to trim pronounce these words. So and then we're on same and you and if you're you probably ask yourself, why is everybody else getting there a lot longer than we are? Why are we going so fast and all these other countries, India, Iran, Pakistan? Well, it's the only way they could get them to sign the kigali amendment, which is an amendment just off of the Montreal Protocol.

Their infrastructure isn't like ours. It's gon na take some time to get them, but at least they got a signature and that's what the goal was: okay, a little known fact about global warming potential. I put this note here to remind me something again to start wrapping your head around. We are about 15 or 17 years behind Europe, so stay with me on this Honeywell because of the penalties they're doing in Europe.

They are penalizing you for shipping in refrigerant with high global warming potential, and what they're doing is they're charging you by the metric ton, depending on what the global warming potential is. So if 404, a is 3900 global potential and I'm gon na explain what that means. To here a little bit and 134 a is 1,300 well, I can ship Honeywell says I can ship three times as much 134, a I'm not gon na ship 404 a anymore and that's what they're doing, and I saw the other day where chemours is doing the Same thing, so you and the equivalents of the the tons of the co2 404 a approximately 322 and 134 a 1300 pounds, okay, so they're they're charging by the metric tons. That's just one example: what's going on around the country, I'm just going to touch on a few of these Europe policies that are in action.

Nitin on the national level. Okay and the Scandinavian countries is where a lot of this starts. Okay, they're very, very efficient and you'll see there. Sweden is considering HFC taxes, Denmark, HFC tax and HFC bans, the ones that are in red or obviously the more harsher things.

Okay, the people that are in green are the ones that they're there they're actually they're, like rebates, okay, they're there they're rewarding you for putting those in and that's what Japan's doing. Also, okay, the incentive is so high that not only are they paying you'd put the system, you make a little money on it. Okay and I'm gon na show you the numbers on it and that's what they're doing to encourage the government's just decide. You know what there's no way around this: it's it's going to take too long.

Let's go ahead and start just doing this as a lot of our rebates, we're on electricity, not all that long ago. Okay, US EPA continues to rollback previous regulations. The snap rules 2021, how many people have heard of snap 2021? A lot of things are going on so you're, staying up with the knowledge, obviously vacated at the federal level. Due to the court challenge EPA.

Currently, not in 14 HFCS, it would exclude HF seas from Section 608. Okay, because again that was wrote on ozone depletion, not global warming potential, so they caught that loophole and that's when everything went to the court and got a little crazy. Okay, if you want to know what snap means you're going to be, if you do a lot of reading like I do - and I know a lot of people in this room by face, they do to stay up on this kind of stuff. The snap rule is a significant new alternative policy.

Okay, and this is what was going to go into the 2019 on our regulations before we got banned now and I'll get into what we're doing now in the States. Just a quick snapshot of going what's going on in Europe, the globe I mean limit okay, the date they're talking about and Canada, which is better than the United States, and not quite as good as the Europe is. And then you can see what we're talking about today over here and you can see this used to be the United States flag in here. But now we have the California flag and I'm just the messenger first of all: okay, but they're actually going to go on their own or they were gon na go on their own.

They decided. You know what, if we're not gon na, do this federally we're gon na stay with the game plan and they did and they refer to their self as the car, but the California Air Resources Board, and anybody heard that term. Quite a few of you, I'm sure. Okay, you're gon na hear a lot about it because what's happened now is and I'll get into this in a little bit show you a picture.

It is snowballing because they're May they're, going with the federal rules and manufacturers are panicking, like Emerson and different ones, that make equipment because they can't make equipment for one state and differently than this state. And it's gon na get kind of crazy. Like the seer ratings used to be, or still are sometimes on, you know from north and south, so they have a group now called the US climate alliance and it's, I think the 25th state signed up just last week and it's really snowball and so basically what We've done in the US is: we've decided that we're going to come to the conclusion that if we're gon na set a regulation for one you can come with us and then we'll it'll make it easier for everybody, the EPA and all those kind of things. All right, California adopts snap rule 2021.

Basically, it talks about GW, P's sizes of the system. How many pounds are in it? What how much the larger the system, the less global warming potentially allowed in it is the best way. I can explain that and I'll just give you some visuals. So that's.

Why say your supermarket racks and those kind of things with the global warming potential of one with co2? It looks really attractive and it's going to be used quite a bit. We see it all. The time again, we've probably I'd, say in 2019, I want to say I was I partook and probably about ten co2 classes and they were all pretty much filled and they were filled, and I think the one we did in Sacramento was 52 people and they were Still signing up and we didn't have any more room forms New York was the same way. I believe he was with me there on that one they just kept coming.

We thought we had 32 signed up and ended up being almost 60, so anyways manufacturers cannot sell equipment or products which use prohibited, HFCS. Here's just a snapshot of what happened. Jersey just signed up two days ago, okay and they're on it. Now this used to be just New York, Maryland, Connecticut and now New Jersey just signed up and the lady that actually was out at carb this week.

She sent me this slide and said it's updated now and I was listening to a man on a WebEx this morning named Andre Patenaude, which this is primarily his presentation and it's just been built on and built on over the years, and he was our. He still is our, I think, our one of the globally guru co2 gurus, recognized okay, but he was actually given a webinar and pointed this out that this just happened. I told about it. Montana becomes a 25th state to join the u.s.

climate alliance and here's what that looks like right now. This is the latest and greatest again this was just sent to me this week, so you're, seeing what our people higher up management team is showing out to the United States. We lack federal HFC regulations. The states are taking the lead on it.

What we see in green is referring to the climate alliance. The blue is the snap 2021 in process. The yellow is snap 2021, so you can see Washington. I don't know if you saw that recently, they're actually now going in to where they're looking at like our 290 and those kind of things how they're gon na handle hf, o --'s and things like that.

There's a lot more going on with the building codes with our 290 and the a two L's mildly flammable stuff, snap 2021 + g WP limits. Obviously, California's leading that there are 25 members in growing. Eight states have joined this year. It now makes up over 55 % of the population and eleven point: seven trillion economy.

Three states have adopted the u.s. PA and snap 2021 again California, Washington, Vermont and add new jersey to that now also allow for additional and removal substitutes or use of conditions based on risk to human health and environment. It's a desire that states be consistent, their approach when adopting the snap rules, okay, again kind of the same thing: I'm not gon na beat this to death any more than I already have. I just threw it in there because, basically, it's what they sent me.

Okay, this is small. I know I tried to make a load up as big as I can, but it's basically telling you in what application and they're there they're actually abbreviated. This is something new. They just sent me that they, they tweaked.

This we've been showing this for probably almost since I've been here and basically it shows you the refrigerant over here. It shows you what the global warming potential is here. This isn't a new installation. This is a retrofit supermarket and central systems, and you can see in green.

What's going to be okayed you're, probably you've are probably seen for 48 and for 49. You may not have seen how many see I've seen five one. Three a you know. No, it's it's.

A new refrigerant they've been testing it in the lab I work at or the office building that work at that's kind of small. It's been tested, in fact we're gon na put in our trainers that have 134a in it right now, only because it if they they thought it was going to be for 48 for 49, but we got think, and we all got talk and we thought what, if We go to California with those trainers, we travel with there's a tow and we get flagged so they started doing testing. What they found was that, on that particular trainer, the five one three was the best fit, and what I mean by that is, it was the least path of resistance to not have to take a bunch of components off okay, so that's five one three, and that Is coming hard and heavy Andre talked about it a lot this morning for low temperature, stuff, okay, you're gon na start hearing a lot more about that 290. Anybody working with 290 a lot of that's going on more and more as we travel and then we've got our our co2 are seven four four and then ammonia at the zero there.

Okay, but you can see as we move along less than 20 to 2,200 BTUs. An hour non contained, flooded, evaporator. What allow again! This is just the abbreviation of what states that we're talking about up there on the for for a California, it's it's! It you're not allowed to even use it in California anymore. The 404 a is on the chopping block, if you don't know that already, because it's as far as global warming potential and again, I'm just the messenger, it's very, very bad.

Okay. So last but not least, us safety standard development continues to be a work in progress. Direct and high profitability systems, 2017 mechanical code, adoptions, refrigerant standards, equipment standards, application standards, we're going to model and codes, and now what we're seeing is - and we all knew as trainers - we've been talking about this for a couple years now we're starting to see in local Codes, an article I read this morning online was talking about getting into your building departments, and here you can see the a two L's does anybody know what a 2l stands, for is a mildly, flammable, non-toxic Model T flame, a little fridge, Hrant and again Washington just Did that and it's going to be in effect its July 1st 2020 of this year and from what I'm seeing things start to snowball? And it will be here sooner than you think, the pending carb rulemaking California Air Resources Board, which is going to be the u.s. Climate Alliance.

Basically, we're all going to follow the same step is we're gon na go out air conditioning. First, AC will begin first, the board meeting the final regulation scheduled for December of 2010, and they just had a meeting this morning or yesterday from what I understand less than 750 global warming potential on stationary air conditioning effective 2023. How many people saw six I've said six months ago for a while, now probably closer to a year now? Did anybody see in the news what carrier is gon na use for 410? A in 2023? You know yeah yeah, 454 B. If you haven't I've been, I don't want to say, I've been surprised, but no one seems to know that and carrier obviously is a big company.

I'm not here to promote anything, but they announced quite a long time ago that they are going to be going to 454 B in all their residential and light commercial by 2023. And the reason is is because they didn't just pluck 2023 out of the sky. It's because these laws that are going to affect okay, it's made by chemours, okay and again, I'm not here promoting anybody's product. But that's what and the only thing that interests me there ya need go ahead.

What I'm sorry that I'd have to look it up? To be honest, do you know after you it's a blend 1234 YF that yeah that's about the only one I know and very good 12:00 12:30 and that's gon na be a blend in a lot of them. Coming down the road, as you probably know, that 12 35 YF and that's pretty much in your cars now it has been for some time, took the place of 134a and thank you for helping out with that. So the thing that jumps out at me here just because I'm a common sense person and as I'm driving I daydream of it. If you remember, I don't know it's kind of a young group in here but years ago, when that new refrigerant came out for 10a came out.

That was called the people that came out with that was carrier, and we referred to it as pure on okay. That was theirs. I'm not gon na say that they everybody's got to follow what they do, but they are a pretty large company and you're. Seeing more and more and I've heard that some different ones are going to r32, which is basically half of 410 a and we'll talk a little more about that as we go along.

The whole idea is to get the Gloam abhorring potential down: okay, they're, just removing the refrigerants that are causing that global warming potential, and really it's not so much. Some of it actually is going to improve capacity, but it's really got to do to be in compliant with the laws. It's basically all of the matters. Okay.

So after this no additional rule making for chillers will rely on snap 2021 in place per SB 1013. Again, commercial refrigeration will then follow AC. There is a board meeting and final regulations scheduled for March of 2020, just around the corner: effective 2022 global warming potential of 157, 50 150, the larger the system below or the global wind potential. The refrigerant can have the bigger possibility for leaks.

That's what I'm saying on the grocery stores, the rack systems, those kind of things, the global warm potentials going to have to be really really low. When you see the numbers and that's, why we're seeing so many new stores adopting the co2 right now or micro distributors and using micro distributors with 290 nm and just pulling them out if they're broke and plugging another one in and those kind of things? Okay, stationary refrigeration, greater than 50 pounds, okay, global wind potential, less than 150, and then refrigerant sales restrictions, no production on import sales, distributed distribution or entry in the commerce of refrigerants, with global warming potential greater than 1500. That's a big one and that is an effective 2020 to open the use of reclaim a Forest Service proposed sales exemption will be for 10a. Okay, I know that's a lot of stuff to try to retain and I think what I was told is you'll be getting a copy of this, I think, is what I buy sitting in the last class.

I was told everybody was going to get some kind of copy sent to him or something like that and if you want, I have a business cards up here. If Trevor didn't pass them all out - and I can't send you the actual PowerPoint, but I can send you a PDF if you're interested okay, these are just something that's going to touch a little bit on this industry. Efforts are increasingly around flammable refrigerants. A HRI announces 5.2 refrigerants study.

Aah are flammable refrigerants Research Committee, underwriters, ul and ASHRAE safety standards for because we got to figure out we're going to do with these if we're gon na start dealing with mildly, flammable, refrigerants and more to 90, which is propane. How are we going to do that because we can educate as much as we want in schools which they're not really doing that? Yet I gave two presentations over the summer wanted Upper Valley and Dayton, and one in UNOH and the one at UNOH was a. It was a kind of a sign on day they brought like 700 instructors from around the nation actually from the globe to try to sell them on the idea of bringing their students there and in all different, cried two couriers from mechanics to HVAC. Our and those kind of things and my class had probably about 25 people and within five minutes the guy that actually ran that department for UNOH turned around and looked at me looked at, everybody goes.

Why aren't we hear anything about this and all I was talking about it's 290, which you all know is everywhere out there a lot of 290. I mean the compressors are going out pretty fast and furious right now, for us building codes from mildly, flammable, a two L's. What I started to say is we can we can educate the US and get that out there, which we haven't done a great job? Yet there's not a federal standard out there, yet I think our SES has a test you can take and and true as a test also you can take, but it doesn't recognize by federal or state okay, but my concern um, I thought a year ago was and Now, you're starting to see it with Washington, they have to start training the fire departments. They have to start training the building codes.

What are they looking at? It's all new, if it's new to us, it's new to people that aren't even in our field right. I just slid this in here and I had to have this picture sent to me by the way, because at Emerson a lot of the stuff as some of the guys in the back row, that's worked for Emerson know. A lot of this stuff is top-secret. You have to have a special badge to get in these things and I had to get permission to get in here.

I did not take these pictures because they would not let me they sent them to me, but this is new labs that they've made in Sydney off the major plant to let you know how fast it's coming and all these labs here, all these two chambers, all They're testing is a three and a 2l refrigerants, so we're talking about propane and mildly flammable. Okay, they are live. Test stands an ambient chamber from 0 to minus 120. Okay, so they're testing them pretty hard.

Every one of those chambers was, I was in there and I want to say there was probably about 20 of them was running with something in it and they're just hooked up to all these computers and they're, watching the data and their tests and yeah Nate. Yes, yes, absolutely yeah, it is yeah, that's right, yeah, that's for sure, yeah and and quite honestly, Nate when we got in the conversation. It was another gentleman, that's not with us anymore Bernard and I I had him come along. Invite him come along and these guys are a lot of the engineers.

Are, you know, they're talking about stuff and quite honestly, I'd it's it's hard to stay up with what they're. Even when I go to the sound labs, it's they're talking in a whole different language that I that I get, but I have to have them dumb it down for me, but that's just I just want to show you what's going on and you when a compressor Manufacturer is putting in rooms and chambers and testing refrigerants it's on its way. Okay, there's a reason for that, all right. They see the writing on the wall, so here we're gon na start the understanding of global warming potential.

The first thing I want to point out to you is these boxes in the corner: they're color-coded, okay, that green emphasizes a 1. Next to that a 1, it says non, flammable, it's non-toxic or low toxicity, and it's non flammable. The pink is referred to as a 2l. It's the new kid on the block, it's mildly, flammable non-toxic mildly, flammable, okay, number, three, the red box is a three only one on here and that's good old, propane, ok, global warming, potential of three okay and then last but not least, our B to L so B is toxic and it's also mildly, flammable.

That's good old R, one, seven one, seven better known as ammonia to us. Okay, all right! So the first thing I'm going to do is on the left hand, side of this. This chart we're looking at capacity or pressures. We're starting out low or very low and low medium and elevated with with co2.

Okay, everything to the right of this row is similar to this refrigerant, so everything to the right is similar to 134a. Everything to the right of this is similar to 404, a okay, and so, when we get over here to the green box, today's non flammable a1 HFCS, the ones we're used to the ones we're familiar with the ones we talk about and is art 134a again. The global warm potential was 1300 over here, 407, a 407 C 404, a 3922 okay, 507, a 3900 85 and then we're going into what we're manufacturing now that if you're not seeing it or you haven't seen it yet, you soon will. This is already going out and getting into the field.

The global warming potential for this category is somewhere between 350 and 1300, and the next slide, I'm gon na, show you these refrigerants and lay them out and show you what that looks like as far as using them. We're gon na we're gon na work on what what does what is this? What bill does that fit with the new laws coming into play? Okay and then we're talking about mildly, flammable, oops, my bad, a 2l HFO blends, okay and we're talking about zero 150. You remember those laws. I was pointing out to you and the equipment, and there was a lot of them at the very end.

That said, it had to be less than 150. Well, that's where this is gon na go if you can get below 150 with the refrigerant chemours Honeywell anyone else you're you're in a good world, because that's what that's going to be the the that's going to be that one number we're gon na be looking for. Okay, that's gon na fit a lot of the medium low temperature, stuff, okay and then we're down to zero and five 744 co2 is one. Our 290 is three and ammonia is zero.

Okay, they are natural refrigerants and that's what we're teaching quite a bit. In fact, I'm gon na do one on it's called fit for the future out the HVAC educators in Vegas and and it's good, it's basically gon na - be about natural, refrigerants and HF OS and those kind of things where we're going next now this is the chart. I like to use this was made out by a gentleman in Dayton, Ohio, okay, it's the same song and dance. Basically again, we have these boxes.

The first letter is the toxicity, the second character. The number is the flammability okay again from 0 to 2000. Here's our capacity okay, if you're talking about, if you, if you're in the world of temperatures, this is what we're looking at, if you're in the world of capacities. Here's what we're looking at now stay with me, because this took me a while to wrap my head around he's been talking about global warming potential all day and I'm and and and I'm like Don III.

Don't really don't need to know that, but if I get in that conversation or if I ever want to raise or if I take a test or the service manager said, you know they're gon na do away with that the glowworm tension. What does that mean? So stay with me, everybody understands or maybe understands ratios compression ratios whatever. That is so even though co2 we breathe it. It has a global warming potential of one, so they made see it to the starting point.

It's the standard, so all of the refrigerants are based off of co2. Okay, we had to have something to spur a starting point: okay, so in other words, this is not by scale either by the way it's a very qualitative chart if it was by scale 404. A would be completely off the screen. Okay, that's how bad 404 a is in this world.

Okay. So basically, what they're saying here gang is: it takes 3922 pounds of of co2 is the equivalent of 1 1 pound of 3904 one pound of 404. A. I almost butchered that up are you with me: 3900 22 pounds of co2 is the equivalent of one pound of 404, a the damage it does to the ozone okay.

So that's what we're talking about? We talked about global warming potential and it's important to know that to understand a lot of this. What's going on so again, the boxes are color-coded. I'm going to start this up. Here's the world we're already living in the green, the things we know we're comfortable with 134a for 10a.

You can see where, for 10a is about that 2000 mark okay, r22, 407 right here and you can see again: 404 hey off the world. Here's the ones we're starting to manufacture or have been manufacturing for a little bit of time. Now you've been seen them in the field. 448.

449. I talked about five one three, and then we have our natural refrigerants utopia, we'll call it a perfect world which there is not a perfect world, but we'll refer to that, and then we have these this gang in the middle. That's new to us! Okay, if you bought a car recently or you like to work on cars or you keep up with that kind of stuff, it may look foreign to you, but, as someone mentioned earlier, a lot of your blends, the new ones 5-1 3s, are gon na. Have the blend in there one of those blends is going to be 1234 YF.

The 1234 chemical is going to be used quite a bit, that's already in your automobiles. It went into effect some time ago. I don't know how, many years ago, but quite a long time ago, for your 134 Hayes - okay again it's mildly flammable up here. I always try to point this one out, because I try to take the fear out of this for contractors when they come in and it's like man we're really working with stuff.

That's gon na go boom and those kind of things I tried to take the fear and say you're already working around and that's why I point out 1234 YF in automobiles. The other thing is is r32. If you ask somebody if they've ever worked with our 32, they say no well they're already making that or putting that, and they have been for over a year now in our p-tech units and our window units. If you go to the store this summer and look you'll see our 32 on those ok, Asia has never used 410 a ok.

They went right to our 32. You know, for whatever reason they decided. It was easier to make it's a single blend. That's what they do, but it's mildly flammable, but they never use fart for 1080.

This is what helped me out. What is the company that wood has went into? I can't think what the company is. I went blank here, anyways I'll, think of it here, a little bit, there's already a company. That's me: that's announced they're gon na use our 32.

I think in their mini splits, I believe, but anyways so anyways, our 32. You are using if you've ever used 410. A you've used our 32 there's two blends in our 410, a half the blend is our 32, the other half the blend is 125, our 125 and the only reason we use our 125 in 410. A is it's a fire deterrent, okay and but when you take that fire to turn out the global warming potential is very attractive and it becomes our 32, but then it becomes mildly, flammable.

Okay, so that's the dirty little secret of 410, a even though it's a blend. We don't talk about its glide because it's less than 1/2, okay half a degree. We just don't talk about it, but you can see where these fall so HF OS again, not that I came here to to give you a bunch of terminology that you need to know. I like to teach things that are gon na, make you money bring more value not only to yourself but the company you work for, but it is something you're gon na start.

Seeing a lot more of. I can promise you that, like it or not, it's gon na be part of your life. Okay, so that's that. Is there any question on that at all, so I yeah go ahead.

That's it! Thank you. They just announced research about six months ago. I think Dyken announced r32. Yes, thank you for doing that.

Man, you got you're catching me, that's good, I'm getting old, so I slid this slide in it wasn't originally in here, but I wanted you to see this because it had a big impact on me when I first saw this presentation so eight ounces of and remember We're gon na take a post quiz: okay, eight ounces of 404 a equals one tonne of co2, okay, so the GWP again a 404 a is 3922, if that's ever on anything. Okay, 404 equivalent threshold, verse co2, that's a lot of refrigerant! If you put that in into a consideration - okay, not trying to beat 404 a up, I'm just the messenger again it just. You can see it's an inevitable. The way the laws are set in port 404 A's, it sits on the chopping block.

Okay, stay tuned, stay, profitable, just some things that are going around, I'm not going to touch on all of them. These are just things that are going around different things: Europe and the shortage base HFC refrigerants. The thing I do want to point out to you is: if you've got something to write with, and if you don't again, I'm gon na send this to you or get with me after the class. I really like this link right here.

Somebody recommended it to me. It might have been Andrei somebody up and that started teaching me about natural refrigerants. So almost three years ago, now, two and a half years ago and to my surprise or I was pleasantly surprised, I guess I get a email once a week once every two weeks. It's not trash, they won't Hammer you with a bunch of junk they're, not selling a thing, but if you want to stay up on what's going on not only in the United States but around the world and a lot of times, it's the u.s.

it's in your Backyard skating rinks now are using these new refrigerants and stuff like that. This thing is really nice. It's quick! It's easy! It's couple paragraphs with a picture and it just tells you a job. That's going on right now using it says 7:44, but it's natural refrigerants and it's really cool.

I've learned a lot from this link and they'll just use giving their email fill that out and they'll. Send you this it's a quick little read and you'll know that way. If you guys land a project and they're saying hey, they're gon na use this refrigerant, you know anything about yeah. I saw that they did this in in Minneapolis or whatever.

But it's if you like to keep up with your trade and I'm sure you are you wouldn't be here in this whole facility out here. It really keeps you up on. What's going on again just a snapshot of the things again, I talked about seven four, four dot-com. That's that link right there.

It's got a lot of good reads. If you sign up for the website snap, we talked about already F gas regulations, just a lot of things that are going on questions on that. I know it's not the most exciting section. Did you have something? No yeah yeah, alright, no you're, fine! Okay! Let's start up with architecture, so this section is going to talk about what we're seeing from Emerson of some of the architecture that's taking place out there because of the global warming potential restrictions or what they're gon na put on us here.

Going down the road. The people that are now building or looking at stores down the road, especially the big chains, when we're multiplying that by hundreds of stores, you're just going to show you what we see going on right now, I'm just gon na cap on this last one, Canada, Europe And then we've got the u.s., that's the one I'm going to touch on card by 2022, one more time: okay, refrigeration, greater than fifty pounds. Global warming potential is going to be less than 150. If it's less than 50 pounds, global warming potential can be 1,500 and new refrigerant sales banned a 1,500 global warming potential, AC residential split and rooftop units less than 750 global, warm tensions.

So if you're strictly an HVAC guy, just be aware of that, I remember getting the phone call from somebody that went to the car meeting he's a wholesaler and the cool thing. I will say about carbon that I've learned from our friends in California that people that invite us into new classes. This particular company is called RSD. He called me the what's cool about karbas is their chemical engineers.

They don't know what you know. They don't know if they pluck a number out of the sky and say: okay, glowworm tensions, gon na be 50 and that's gon na, be it we're not gon na talk about it.